OASes and STING: Adaptive Evolution in Concert

OASes and STING: Adaptive Evolution in Concert

OAS (2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthases) proteins and cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS, gene symbol: MB21D1) patrol the cytoplasm for the presence of foreign nucleic acids. Upon binding to double-stranded RNA or double-stranded DNA, OAS proteins and cGAS produce nucleotide second messengers to activate RNase L and STING (stimulator of interferon genes, gene symbol: TMEM173), respectively; this leads t...

Fixation times in differentiation and evolution in the presence of bottlenecks, deserts, and oases.

Cellular differentiation and evolution are stochastic processes that can involve multiple types (or states) of particles moving on a complex, high-dimensional state-space or "fitness" landscape. Cells of each specific type can thus be quantified by their population at a corresponding node within a network of states. Their dynamics across the state-space network involve genotypic or phenotypic t...

Oases in the Desert: Three New Proposals

Two new nontrivial U(1) gauge symmetries are proposed, one based on the particle content of the standard model and the other on that of its supersymmetric generalization. Each is an unexpected first example of its kind. A third new proposal is the successful derivation of a realistic Majorana neutrino mass matrix, based on the underlying symmetry A4 and its radiative corrections.

Developing Adaptive Differential Evolution as a New Evolutionary Algorithm, Application in Optimization of Chemical Processes

Are hydrothermal vents oases for parasitic protists?

mosquitoes is well known. As Hoffman and Miller comment, ‘We suggest a combination of directed wind and volatile repellent might be developed as a mosquito deterrent strategy for the backyard setting’ [3]. Indeed, the combination of DEET and permethrin in a coconut base (Mosbar) as a malaria control measure looks promising (M. Rowlands et al., unpublished). Volatile oils from plants can serve a...